Stanley Su:
The Beginning and Origin of the Salem Witch Trials
URL:http://www.history.com/topics/salem-witch-trials
Tags:beginning,origin
Quote:The infamous Salem witch trials began during the spring of 1692, after a group of young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft.
a special court convened in Salem to hear the cases; the first convicted witch, Bridget Bishop, was hanged that June. Eighteen others followed Bishop to Salem’s Gallows Hill, while some 150 more men, women and children were accused over the next several months.
Though the Massachusetts General Court later annulled guilty verdicts against accused witches and granted indemnities to their families, bitterness lingered in the community, and the painful legacy of the Salem witch trials would endure for centuries.
Belief in the supernatural–and specifically in the devil’s practice of giving certain humans (witches) the power to harm others in return for their loyalty–had emerged in Europe as early as the 14th century, and was widespread in colonial New England.
the Salem witch trials would be fueled by residents’ suspicions of and resentment toward their neighbors, as well as their fear of outsiders.
Paraphrase:The Salem witch trails began during the beginning of 1692 after several local women were accused of being witches. 18 people died and 150 men, women and children were accused ever the next several months. Even though the Salem Witch Trials ended, bitterness lingered in the community, and the painful legacy of the Salem witch trials would endure for centuries.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people and a legacy that will last for a long time.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this imformation baised? is it quality information?)
This article is important because is it informs readers about the Salem Witch Trails' beginning and how it started. This imformation is not baised because the article is stating facts. I believe that this article is giving quality information about the true points of the event.
3 Questions for future research
1) Why did the residents have suspicions of and resentment toward their neighbors, as well as outsiders in the first place?
2) How does the bitterness lingere in the community, and the painful legacy of the Salem witch trials endure for centuries?
3) How were those victims trialed to prove that they are truely witches.
Ways Accused Witches Were Trialed And Tested
URL:http://listverse.com/2012/07/27/10-tests-for-guilt-used-at-the-salem-witch-trials/
Tags:tests,unreasonable
Quote:Puritanism-fueled mass hysteria, and deception–which resulted in 19 wrongful executions, each one hanged, burned, or drowned for some ill-fated finger-pointing. The imagery evoked is just as barbaric and painful as the means by which these accused “witches” were tried and ultimately “proven” guilty. (In actuality, most of the “afflicted” were just suffering from some mental illness medical science hadn’t quite caught up to at the time, “evil” being amongst the worst know epidemics.)
Witch Cake: In this voodoo-inspired test, the ingredients of said cake were rye meal… and urine from the girls said to be afflicted by the witch’s evil incantations. The test had dogs eat this cake, after which the alleged witch should scream out in pain – for in the process of her cursing the victims, she sent invisible particles of herself (the embodiment of pure evil, that is), which would show up in the urine. The cake, then, was effectively a voodoo doll of herself in a way. This superstition came from the Cartesian “Doctrine of Effluvia,” which logically was prescribed as a document of medical fact.
Spectral Evidence: This type of evidence is based on claims by accusers that they would see the individual accused of witchcraft in dreams or visions doing the Devil’s bidding. The argument against this was that the Devil could take any shape, while the counter-argument was that the Devil could not inhabit an individual’s body without their permission. This form of evidence was somehow enough to convict several accused during the time it was deemed plausible. (When it was later thrown out, the conviction rate decline severely and hastened the trials’ conclusion.)
Eye Witnesses Testimonials:Some witnesses would confess to actually seeing the alleged witches practicing their black magic, which was enough to tattoo guilt all over them. On the charge of “affliction with witchcraft” or “entering a covenant with the devil.”
Witch’s Teat: The test was that this teat would be pricked with a needle, and if the recipient didn’t bleed or feel it, then surely there was a witch in our midst. Often times, however, needles would be purposefully blunted so it would be easier to demonstrate just how “cold and unfeeling” this teat really is.
Artifacts: Sought after in the accused home were any artifacts corresponding to witchcraft that could be used as evidence for condemnation.
Lord’s Prayer Test: This was a literal test of faith. The accused would be made to recite the “Lord’s Prayer” without error – this included any stumbling, stammering, or outright spasming. As elocution is a painstaking art, it seems that any average human would slip up, but under “God’s eyes” (as well as whoever else sees themselves fit to judge) mistakes are unacceptable.
Touch Test: This test is all about the performance. If an afflicted person – throwing fits and the like – suddenly becomes calm after the accused places their hand on him/her, then the toucher is most certainly a witch. This is said to be because all the “venom” and assorted evil toxins (stemming from the witch’s eye) that originally addled the afflicted soul have returned to their evil host.
Forced Confession by Dunking: Those who didn’t admit to being a witch and under heavy suspicion were usually induced to confess by way of torture. One method was dunking, in which the accused would be held under water repeatedly until they were successfully broken down.
Pressing: Another means of torture designed to make the accuser talk, but made it impossible for them to talk, much less breathe. Called “pressing,” the subject is placed beneath heavy stones, meant to literally crush you into submission.
Bound Submersion: There was no favorable result in this test; essentially the alleged witch would be bound at the hands and feet – with heavy rocked attached – and thrown into a body of water. If the body floated to the surface, that was proof, along some kind of whimsical lines, that the accused was indeed a witch (at which point they’d execute her by some other means). If she sank to the bottom – and inevitably drowned – she was innocent. Given that none of these girls had received any proper Navy Seals training – inhale, hold your breath, don’t panic – about 100% of them drowned, with apathetic standers-by shrugging it off, thinking ‘Oh well. Now we know.”
Paraphrase:There were 10 Tests to determine if you were a witch/warlock of not; the witch cake, spectaral evidence, eye witnesses testimonials, witch's teat, artifacts, lord's prayer test, touch test, forced confession by Dunking, pressing, and bound submersion all of which that were senseless and unreasonable.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Explored ways to determine if one practiced witchcraft or not.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this imformation baised? is it quality information?)
This is information is important it shows the different methods used to seek out witches. This information is not baised and it shows quality.
3 Questions for future research
1) How did humans develop such absurd ways to determine who is a witch?
2) How could Americans in Salem believe that witches were real?
3) How did the Salem Witch Trials end?
The Devil In Massachusetts: a Modern Inquiry Into the Salem Witch Trials.
Source:
N.p.: n.p., n.d. Digital Public Library of America. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. <http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062921291;view=1up;seq=8>.
Pages:310
URL:http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062921291
Tags:witchcraft,massachusetts,salem
Quote:"The result was by no means the most sensational example of which hysteria on record. Only twenty witches were executed, a microsopic number compared to the tens of thousands who had been put to death in Europe and England in the course of simlilar outbreaks in the late Middle Ages, compared to the millions who have died in the species of witch hunts peculiar to our own rational, scientific times pg. iv."
"For Salem Village of 1692, for all its apparent remoteness, was not "an island to itself," but a throbbing part of the great world. Its flare-up of irrationality was to some extent a product of the ideological intensities which rent its age no less than they do ours; its swing to sanity through the stubborn refusal of the few to give way to the hysteria and mad logic of the many marked the turn of a moral season in New England pg.iv."
Paraphrase:During the event, only 20 witches were executed compared to the tens of thousands in Europe from witch hunting. The reason for all those deaths because like Salem Village in 1692, no one listen to reason. This caused irration acts, loss of sanity through stubborn refusal leading to the hysteria and mad logic of teh Salem Witch Trials.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people but only a small amount compared to witch trials in Europe in the past.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information baised? is it quality information?)
This information is important because it shows that this irratonal behavoir wasn't only shown in Salem but also in Europe. This information is baised since it uses primary sources of people who disliked the event, but it shows quality information.
3 Questions for future research
1) What was the cause of people making irrational acts?
2) Was the witch hunts in Europe part of the cause of the Salem Witch Trials? And if so, how?
3) Were the Witch Trials in Europe similar to those in Salem?
Examination of a Witch in Salem
Source: "'Examination of a Witch' in Salem." Famous American Trials Salem Witchcraft Trials 1692. Douglas O. Linder, Sept. 2009. Web. 5 Nov. 2015. <http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salem.htm>.
URL:http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salem.htm
Tags:image,witch
Image:
The Beginning and Origin of the Salem Witch Trials
URL:http://www.history.com/topics/salem-witch-trials
Tags:beginning,origin
Quote:The infamous Salem witch trials began during the spring of 1692, after a group of young girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft.
a special court convened in Salem to hear the cases; the first convicted witch, Bridget Bishop, was hanged that June. Eighteen others followed Bishop to Salem’s Gallows Hill, while some 150 more men, women and children were accused over the next several months.
Though the Massachusetts General Court later annulled guilty verdicts against accused witches and granted indemnities to their families, bitterness lingered in the community, and the painful legacy of the Salem witch trials would endure for centuries.
Belief in the supernatural–and specifically in the devil’s practice of giving certain humans (witches) the power to harm others in return for their loyalty–had emerged in Europe as early as the 14th century, and was widespread in colonial New England.
the Salem witch trials would be fueled by residents’ suspicions of and resentment toward their neighbors, as well as their fear of outsiders.
Paraphrase:The Salem witch trails began during the beginning of 1692 after several local women were accused of being witches. 18 people died and 150 men, women and children were accused ever the next several months. Even though the Salem Witch Trials ended, bitterness lingered in the community, and the painful legacy of the Salem witch trials would endure for centuries.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people and a legacy that will last for a long time.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this imformation baised? is it quality information?)
This article is important because is it informs readers about the Salem Witch Trails' beginning and how it started. This imformation is not baised because the article is stating facts. I believe that this article is giving quality information about the true points of the event.
3 Questions for future research
1) Why did the residents have suspicions of and resentment toward their neighbors, as well as outsiders in the first place?
2) How does the bitterness lingere in the community, and the painful legacy of the Salem witch trials endure for centuries?
3) How were those victims trialed to prove that they are truely witches.
Ways Accused Witches Were Trialed And Tested
URL:http://listverse.com/2012/07/27/10-tests-for-guilt-used-at-the-salem-witch-trials/
Tags:tests,unreasonable
Quote:Puritanism-fueled mass hysteria, and deception–which resulted in 19 wrongful executions, each one hanged, burned, or drowned for some ill-fated finger-pointing. The imagery evoked is just as barbaric and painful as the means by which these accused “witches” were tried and ultimately “proven” guilty. (In actuality, most of the “afflicted” were just suffering from some mental illness medical science hadn’t quite caught up to at the time, “evil” being amongst the worst know epidemics.)
Witch Cake: In this voodoo-inspired test, the ingredients of said cake were rye meal… and urine from the girls said to be afflicted by the witch’s evil incantations. The test had dogs eat this cake, after which the alleged witch should scream out in pain – for in the process of her cursing the victims, she sent invisible particles of herself (the embodiment of pure evil, that is), which would show up in the urine. The cake, then, was effectively a voodoo doll of herself in a way. This superstition came from the Cartesian “Doctrine of Effluvia,” which logically was prescribed as a document of medical fact.
Spectral Evidence: This type of evidence is based on claims by accusers that they would see the individual accused of witchcraft in dreams or visions doing the Devil’s bidding. The argument against this was that the Devil could take any shape, while the counter-argument was that the Devil could not inhabit an individual’s body without their permission. This form of evidence was somehow enough to convict several accused during the time it was deemed plausible. (When it was later thrown out, the conviction rate decline severely and hastened the trials’ conclusion.)
Eye Witnesses Testimonials:Some witnesses would confess to actually seeing the alleged witches practicing their black magic, which was enough to tattoo guilt all over them. On the charge of “affliction with witchcraft” or “entering a covenant with the devil.”
Witch’s Teat: The test was that this teat would be pricked with a needle, and if the recipient didn’t bleed or feel it, then surely there was a witch in our midst. Often times, however, needles would be purposefully blunted so it would be easier to demonstrate just how “cold and unfeeling” this teat really is.
Artifacts: Sought after in the accused home were any artifacts corresponding to witchcraft that could be used as evidence for condemnation.
Lord’s Prayer Test: This was a literal test of faith. The accused would be made to recite the “Lord’s Prayer” without error – this included any stumbling, stammering, or outright spasming. As elocution is a painstaking art, it seems that any average human would slip up, but under “God’s eyes” (as well as whoever else sees themselves fit to judge) mistakes are unacceptable.
Touch Test: This test is all about the performance. If an afflicted person – throwing fits and the like – suddenly becomes calm after the accused places their hand on him/her, then the toucher is most certainly a witch. This is said to be because all the “venom” and assorted evil toxins (stemming from the witch’s eye) that originally addled the afflicted soul have returned to their evil host.
Forced Confession by Dunking: Those who didn’t admit to being a witch and under heavy suspicion were usually induced to confess by way of torture. One method was dunking, in which the accused would be held under water repeatedly until they were successfully broken down.
Pressing: Another means of torture designed to make the accuser talk, but made it impossible for them to talk, much less breathe. Called “pressing,” the subject is placed beneath heavy stones, meant to literally crush you into submission.
Bound Submersion: There was no favorable result in this test; essentially the alleged witch would be bound at the hands and feet – with heavy rocked attached – and thrown into a body of water. If the body floated to the surface, that was proof, along some kind of whimsical lines, that the accused was indeed a witch (at which point they’d execute her by some other means). If she sank to the bottom – and inevitably drowned – she was innocent. Given that none of these girls had received any proper Navy Seals training – inhale, hold your breath, don’t panic – about 100% of them drowned, with apathetic standers-by shrugging it off, thinking ‘Oh well. Now we know.”
Paraphrase:There were 10 Tests to determine if you were a witch/warlock of not; the witch cake, spectaral evidence, eye witnesses testimonials, witch's teat, artifacts, lord's prayer test, touch test, forced confession by Dunking, pressing, and bound submersion all of which that were senseless and unreasonable.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Explored ways to determine if one practiced witchcraft or not.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this imformation baised? is it quality information?)
This is information is important it shows the different methods used to seek out witches. This information is not baised and it shows quality.
3 Questions for future research
1) How did humans develop such absurd ways to determine who is a witch?
2) How could Americans in Salem believe that witches were real?
3) How did the Salem Witch Trials end?
The Devil In Massachusetts: a Modern Inquiry Into the Salem Witch Trials.
Source:
N.p.: n.p., n.d. Digital Public Library of America. Web. 14 Oct. 2015. <http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062921291;view=1up;seq=8>.
Pages:310
URL:http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062921291
Tags:witchcraft,massachusetts,salem
Quote:"The result was by no means the most sensational example of which hysteria on record. Only twenty witches were executed, a microsopic number compared to the tens of thousands who had been put to death in Europe and England in the course of simlilar outbreaks in the late Middle Ages, compared to the millions who have died in the species of witch hunts peculiar to our own rational, scientific times pg. iv."
"For Salem Village of 1692, for all its apparent remoteness, was not "an island to itself," but a throbbing part of the great world. Its flare-up of irrationality was to some extent a product of the ideological intensities which rent its age no less than they do ours; its swing to sanity through the stubborn refusal of the few to give way to the hysteria and mad logic of the many marked the turn of a moral season in New England pg.iv."
Paraphrase:During the event, only 20 witches were executed compared to the tens of thousands in Europe from witch hunting. The reason for all those deaths because like Salem Village in 1692, no one listen to reason. This caused irration acts, loss of sanity through stubborn refusal leading to the hysteria and mad logic of teh Salem Witch Trials.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people but only a small amount compared to witch trials in Europe in the past.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information baised? is it quality information?)
This information is important because it shows that this irratonal behavoir wasn't only shown in Salem but also in Europe. This information is baised since it uses primary sources of people who disliked the event, but it shows quality information.
3 Questions for future research
1) What was the cause of people making irrational acts?
2) Was the witch hunts in Europe part of the cause of the Salem Witch Trials? And if so, how?
3) Were the Witch Trials in Europe similar to those in Salem?
Examination of a Witch in Salem
Source: "'Examination of a Witch' in Salem." Famous American Trials Salem Witchcraft Trials 1692. Douglas O. Linder, Sept. 2009. Web. 5 Nov. 2015. <http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salem.htm>.
URL:http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/salem.htm
Tags:image,witch
Image:
Caption generated by me: The accusers forced their way into the house and used the witch's teat test to determine if she was a witch or not.
Paraphrase:It seems like, in the image, that a lot of people broke into the house by force, hurting 2 men. And possibly, the father is helping his sons while his wife is being examined using the witch's teat test, by poking with a needle. It also seems that some of the people are pointing at the "witch", trying to persuade the judge on the bench that she is a witch. It also seems like the house is well furnished meaning that the family might be wealthy or richer than most, making them ideal for accusing.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Explored if one practiced witchcraft and encountered accused people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This image is important because it shows how accused people were treated. This image is not biased and shows quility information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1) What happens if the people couldn't get in the house of the accused witch?
2) At the time, was human rights just being established?
3) Were there any cases when a accused person was released?
Salem, Massachusetts courthouse in 1790
Source:Hills, Samuel. Salem, Massachusetts courthouse in 1790. N.d. Photograph.
Image:
Paraphrase:It seems like, in the image, that a lot of people broke into the house by force, hurting 2 men. And possibly, the father is helping his sons while his wife is being examined using the witch's teat test, by poking with a needle. It also seems that some of the people are pointing at the "witch", trying to persuade the judge on the bench that she is a witch. It also seems like the house is well furnished meaning that the family might be wealthy or richer than most, making them ideal for accusing.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Explored if one practiced witchcraft and encountered accused people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This image is important because it shows how accused people were treated. This image is not biased and shows quility information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1) What happens if the people couldn't get in the house of the accused witch?
2) At the time, was human rights just being established?
3) Were there any cases when a accused person was released?
Salem, Massachusetts courthouse in 1790
Source:Hills, Samuel. Salem, Massachusetts courthouse in 1790. N.d. Photograph.
Image:
Caption generated by me: The Courthouse where the Court of Oyer and Terminer trialed during the Salem Witch Trials.
Paraphrase:This was the place where many people were trialed and wronged. But eventually, the court was gotten rid of and a new court was created to judge the rest of the accused people, eventually ending the Salem Witch Trials.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people and exchanged the court for another one.
How this information is useful for the topic and whether there is a bias or lack of information?
This image is useful because it shows where accused people where trialed and it is not biased because it is a picture drawn by someone who was present there.
3 substantive questions for future research about the topic
1) Where were the accused people housed?
2) Why did a new court need to be created to solve the problem of witchcraft?
3) Why was the courthouse so close to other buildings if the court was used to judge dangerous witches?
The Witchcraft of Salem Village
Source:Jackson, Shirley. The Witchcraft of Salem Village. 1984 ed. New York City: Random House, Inc., 1984. Print.
Pages:146
Tags:witchcraft,salem village
Quote:"It all begun when a group of girls formed an informal club in Salem Village, Massachusetts. It was the year 1692, when people still believed in witches. Nearly every day the girls would gather to hear an Indian slave tell stories filled with magic, superstition, and witchcraft. Since listening to such tales was forbidden, the girls soon became terrified of being discovered. Little by little they began acting strangely, and people thought them bewitched. Fearing severe punishment if they told the truth, the girls accused some of the most respected people in the village of being witches who were forcing them into their "affliction". The furor that followed as one innocent person after another was examined, tried, and hanged forms one of the strangest and most shocking episodes in our history." pg. 1
Note: "Salem, Massachusetts, and Salem Village, Massachusetts, were two separate places in 1692. Although only a few miles apart, they differed a good deal. Salem, where the witchcraft trials were held, was a large town, busy and active. Salem Village was a small community, self-centered and frequently almost isolated in the winter, although ine of the main highways of Massachusetts ran, and still runs, past the site of Ingersoll's inn. The witchcraft cases began in Salem Village, although Salem has had to accept full responsibility. Salem Village no long exists."pg.3
Moreover. this incident demonstrated an attitude toward witchcraft which has contributed enormously to every witchcraft epidemic in history. Anyone who defended of sympathized with or said a good word for a witch was automatically suspected. It was felt that no one would help a witch without a good reason, and the reason could only be that the suspect's defender was also in league with the devil. It is this attitude which makes it so difficult for intelligent and thoughtful people to stop a great popular hatred like the hatred toward the witches." pg. 14
Paraphrase:The Salem Witch Trials started because a group of girls in Salem Village were listening to stories about witches, witch was forbidden. So, to save their own hide, they accused people of being witches. And those people were examined, tried, and hanged in Salem. This incident showed the attitude towards witchcraft. And also anyone who defended or sympathized a witch was suspected since the only reason a person would defend was that he or she was also in league with the devil. This made it very difficult for intelligent and thoughtful people to stop the trials.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encounter many accused people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This book is important because it shows how the Salem Witch Trials began and the attitude demonstrated at the event. This book may be biased. the book has quality information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1)How were the girls listening to the stories caught?
2)Why was listening to stories about witchcraft forbidden?
3)Why did those girls start to be terrified of being discovered?
Two Letters of Gov. William Phips (1692-1693)
Source:Phips, William. "Additional Documents 1692-1750: Two Letters of Gov. William Phips (1692-1693) (Letter No. 1)." Letter. 12 Oct. 1692. Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive and Transcription Project. Web. 13 Nov. 2015. <http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/texts/tei/BoySal3R?div_id=n141>.
URL:http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/texts/tei/BoySalCombined?div_id=n141
Tags:letters
Quote:When I first arrived I found this Province miserably harrassed with a most Horrible witchcraft or Possession of Devills which had broke in upon severall Townes, some scores of poor people were taken with preternaturall torments some scalded with brimstone some had pins stuck in their flesh others hurried into the fire and water and some dragged out of their houses and carried over the tops of trees and hills for many Miles together; it hath been represented to mee much like that of Sweden about thirty years agoe, and there were many committed to prison upon suspicion of Witchcraft before my arrivall.
...when I came home I found many persons in a strange ferment of dissatisfaction which was increased by some hott Spiritts that blew up the flame, but on enquiring into the matter I found that the Devill had taken upon him the name and shape of severall persons who were doubtless inocent and to my certain knowledge of good reputation for which cause I have now forbidden the committing of any more that shall be accused without unavoydable necessity, and those that have been committed I would shelter from any Proceedings against them wherein there may be the least suspition of any wrong to be done unto the Innocent.
I found the Prisons full of people committed upon suspition of witchcraft and that continuall complaints were made to me that many persons were grievously tormented by witches and that they cryed out upon severall persons by name, as the cause of their torments. The number of these complaints increasing every day, by advice of the Lieut Govr. and the Councill I gave a Commission of Oyer and Terminer to try the suspected witches and at that time the generality of the people represented to me as reall witchcraft and gave very strange instances of the same.
when I returned I found people much disatisfied at the proceedings of the Court, for about Twenty persons were condemned and executed of which number some were thought by many persons to be innocent. The Court still proceeded in the same method of trying them, which was by the evidence of the afflicted persons who when they were brought into the Court as soon as the suspected witches looked upon them instantly fell to the ground in strange agonies and grievous torments, but when touched by them upon the arme or some other part of their flesh they immediately revived and came to themselves, upon [which] they made oath that the Prisoner at the Bar did afflict them and that they saw their shape or spectre come from their bodies which put them to such paines and torments: When I enquired into the matter I was enformed by the Judges that they begun with this, but had humane testimony against such as were condemned and undoubted proof of their being witches, but at length I found that the Devill did take upon him the shape of Innocent persons and some were accused of whose innocency I was well assured and many considerable persons of unblameable life and conversation were cried out upon as witches and wizards.
When I put an end to the Court there ware at least fifty persons in prison in great misery by reason of the extream cold and their poverty, most of them having only spectre evidence against them, and their mittimusses being defective, I caused some of them to be lett out upon bayle and put the Judges upon considering of a way to reliefe others and prevent them from perishing in prison, upon which some of them were convinced and acknowledged that their former proceedings were too violent and not grounded upon a right foundation but that if they might sit againe, they would proceed after another method
Paraphrase:Gov. William Phips descovered Salem as a place where lack of justice and harrasement was present. Many people were accused and wrongly treated. Even the court was dealing with the situation the same as the people accusing. In the end, many people were acussed and executed.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Explore ways to get rid of abuse of humans and encounter many accused people
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this imformation baised? is it quality information?)
This information is important because it shows that there were people who saw the truth and tried to stop the trials. This information is not biased because it is a primary source.
3 Questions for future research
1) Were there any other people who tried to stop the trials?
2) Why are there so many people accused ?
3) Where was most of the accusations happening, is it random or focused on a group of people?
Salem Witch Trials Encyclopedia
Source:"Salem Witch Trials." New World Encyclopedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print.
URL:http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Salem_Witch_Trials
Quote:"The Salem Witch Trials were a notorious episode in New England colonial history that led to the execution of 14 women and 6 men, in 1692, for charges of witchcraft. The trials began as a result of the bizarre and inexplicable behavior of two young girls, afflicted by violent convulsions and strange fits that seemingly rendered them unable to hear, speak, or see. After a medical examination and a review by Puritan clergy, the girls were judged to be victims of witchcraft. In the ensuing hysteria during the summer of 1692, nearly 200 people were accused of witchcraft and imprisoned."
"Although the Salem Witch Trials are conventionally cited as an example of religious zealotry in New England, the trials were exceptional in the American colonies, with charges of witchcraft far more commonplace in Europe—particularly Germany, Switzerland and the Low Countries—during this period. From the fourteenth to the eighteenth centuries, some 110,000 people were tried for witchcraft in Europe, and from 40,000 to 60,000 were executed. In contrast, there were only 20 executions in colonial American courts from 1647 to 1691 and the sensational trials at Salem."
"Modern analysis of the Salem Witch Trials regards the children's bizarre allegations and the townspeople's credulity as an example of mass hysteria, when mass public near-panic reactions surface around an unexplained phenomenon. Mass hysteria explains the waves of popular medical problems that "everyone gets" in response to news articles. A recent example of mass hysteria with remarkable similarities to the Salem Witch Trials was the rash of allegations of sexual and ritual abuse in day care centers in the 1980s and 1990s, which resulted in numerous convictions that were later overturned. Like the Salem hysteria, these allegations of sexual abuse were fueled by accusations from impressionable children who were coached by figures of authority, and resulted in destroying the lives and reputations of innocent people."
Paraphrase:The trials began as a result of two girls who acted like they were victims of witchcraft. After the end, almost 200 people were accused and imprisoned. In the past, hundreds of thousand people were exected of witchcraft back in Europe compared to the 20 in Salem. The Salem Witch Trials caused mass hysteria, panic, and ruined many people's lives.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people, mass hysteria, panic, and lives being ruined.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This book is important because it shows how the Salem Witch Trials was very small compared to others. This information is no biased and is quality information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1)What caused trials in the past?
2)What ended trials in the past?
3)How long did trials last in the past?
Salem Witch Trials
Source:"Salem Witch Trials." Salem Witchcraft Trials Mass. Ct. Oyer Terminer 1692-1693. N.p.: n.p., n.d. www.encyclopedia.com. Web. 27 Oct. 2015. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Salem_Witchcraft_Trials_Mass._Ct._Oyer__Terminer_1692-1693.aspx>.
URL:http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Salem_Witchcraft_Trials_Mass._Ct._Oyer__Terminer_1692-1693.aspx
Tags:afflictions,accusations,trials
Quote:In 1692 the community of Salem, Massachusetts, was engulfed in a series of witchcraft afflictions, accusations, trials, and executions. During the course of the year, more than a dozen persons claimed to be afflicted by spells of black magic and sorcery that had been allegedly cast by men and women who had enlisted the supernatural powers of the devil. Most of the persons claiming to be afflicted were teenage girls.
Those persecuted for allegedly practicing witchcraft included Salem residents who deviated in some way from Puritan religious, cultural, or economic norms. Other victims of the witch craze were perceived to be enemies of the largest family in Salem. A few victims were simply weak and sickly people who were in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Nearly 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft in Salem during the summer of 1692. Twenty accused witches were executed, 15 women and 5 men. Nineteen were hanged following conviction, and one was pressed to death for refusing to enter a plea. Four prisoners, three women and a man, died in jail. The trials began in June and continued for four months, the final executions taking place on September 22. In October the governor of Massachusetts, William Phipps, dissolved the tribunal that had been established to preside over the witchcraft prosecutions. The following spring the governor ordered the release of all the accused witches who remained incarcerated upon payment of their fines.
Paraphrase:Salem was full of witch afflictions, accusations, trials, and executions. Most of those people who were accused were Puritan religious, cultural, or economic norms, enemies of the largest family, and weak sickly people. Nearly 200 people were accused, 20 executed, 15 women and 5 men.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This is important because it shows the affliction, accusation, and trials of Salem. This information is not biased and contains quality information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1) How were afflictions made against people?
2) How were accusations made against people?
3) What made trials necessary for determining witches?
The Witches of Salem
Source: Schiff, Stacy. "The Witches of Salem." The New Yorker 7 Sept. 2015: n. pag. www.newyorker.com. Web. 21 Oct. 2015. <http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/07/the-witches-of-salem>.
URL:http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/07/the-witches-of-salem
Tags:many,accusation
Quote:"In 1692, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed fourteen women, five men, and two dogs for witchcraft."
"Husbands implicated wives; nephews their aunts; daughters their mothers; siblings each other."
"One minister discovered that he was related to no fewer than twenty witches."
"Early on the morning of August 19th, the largest throng to date turned out to inspect the first men whom Massachusetts was to execute for witchcraft."
Paraphrase:In 1692, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed both humans and animals for witchcraft. Family members even accused eaych other to be safe from harm's way. Many people were soon related to many witches. And on the mourning of August 19th, the first group of men were executed for witchcraft.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people and the execution of many people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information baised? is it quality information?)
This magazine is important because it shows how many people were accused of being witches. This information is not baised and it shows quality information.
3 Questions for future research information.
1)How were dogs accused of witchcraft?
2) If so many people are witches, how can anyone be safe from accusations?
3) Was there any way to avoid being accused?
Paraphrase:This was the place where many people were trialed and wronged. But eventually, the court was gotten rid of and a new court was created to judge the rest of the accused people, eventually ending the Salem Witch Trials.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people and exchanged the court for another one.
How this information is useful for the topic and whether there is a bias or lack of information?
This image is useful because it shows where accused people where trialed and it is not biased because it is a picture drawn by someone who was present there.
3 substantive questions for future research about the topic
1) Where were the accused people housed?
2) Why did a new court need to be created to solve the problem of witchcraft?
3) Why was the courthouse so close to other buildings if the court was used to judge dangerous witches?
The Witchcraft of Salem Village
Source:Jackson, Shirley. The Witchcraft of Salem Village. 1984 ed. New York City: Random House, Inc., 1984. Print.
Pages:146
Tags:witchcraft,salem village
Quote:"It all begun when a group of girls formed an informal club in Salem Village, Massachusetts. It was the year 1692, when people still believed in witches. Nearly every day the girls would gather to hear an Indian slave tell stories filled with magic, superstition, and witchcraft. Since listening to such tales was forbidden, the girls soon became terrified of being discovered. Little by little they began acting strangely, and people thought them bewitched. Fearing severe punishment if they told the truth, the girls accused some of the most respected people in the village of being witches who were forcing them into their "affliction". The furor that followed as one innocent person after another was examined, tried, and hanged forms one of the strangest and most shocking episodes in our history." pg. 1
Note: "Salem, Massachusetts, and Salem Village, Massachusetts, were two separate places in 1692. Although only a few miles apart, they differed a good deal. Salem, where the witchcraft trials were held, was a large town, busy and active. Salem Village was a small community, self-centered and frequently almost isolated in the winter, although ine of the main highways of Massachusetts ran, and still runs, past the site of Ingersoll's inn. The witchcraft cases began in Salem Village, although Salem has had to accept full responsibility. Salem Village no long exists."pg.3
Moreover. this incident demonstrated an attitude toward witchcraft which has contributed enormously to every witchcraft epidemic in history. Anyone who defended of sympathized with or said a good word for a witch was automatically suspected. It was felt that no one would help a witch without a good reason, and the reason could only be that the suspect's defender was also in league with the devil. It is this attitude which makes it so difficult for intelligent and thoughtful people to stop a great popular hatred like the hatred toward the witches." pg. 14
Paraphrase:The Salem Witch Trials started because a group of girls in Salem Village were listening to stories about witches, witch was forbidden. So, to save their own hide, they accused people of being witches. And those people were examined, tried, and hanged in Salem. This incident showed the attitude towards witchcraft. And also anyone who defended or sympathized a witch was suspected since the only reason a person would defend was that he or she was also in league with the devil. This made it very difficult for intelligent and thoughtful people to stop the trials.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encounter many accused people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This book is important because it shows how the Salem Witch Trials began and the attitude demonstrated at the event. This book may be biased. the book has quality information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1)How were the girls listening to the stories caught?
2)Why was listening to stories about witchcraft forbidden?
3)Why did those girls start to be terrified of being discovered?
Two Letters of Gov. William Phips (1692-1693)
Source:Phips, William. "Additional Documents 1692-1750: Two Letters of Gov. William Phips (1692-1693) (Letter No. 1)." Letter. 12 Oct. 1692. Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive and Transcription Project. Web. 13 Nov. 2015. <http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/texts/tei/BoySal3R?div_id=n141>.
URL:http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/texts/tei/BoySalCombined?div_id=n141
Tags:letters
Quote:When I first arrived I found this Province miserably harrassed with a most Horrible witchcraft or Possession of Devills which had broke in upon severall Townes, some scores of poor people were taken with preternaturall torments some scalded with brimstone some had pins stuck in their flesh others hurried into the fire and water and some dragged out of their houses and carried over the tops of trees and hills for many Miles together; it hath been represented to mee much like that of Sweden about thirty years agoe, and there were many committed to prison upon suspicion of Witchcraft before my arrivall.
...when I came home I found many persons in a strange ferment of dissatisfaction which was increased by some hott Spiritts that blew up the flame, but on enquiring into the matter I found that the Devill had taken upon him the name and shape of severall persons who were doubtless inocent and to my certain knowledge of good reputation for which cause I have now forbidden the committing of any more that shall be accused without unavoydable necessity, and those that have been committed I would shelter from any Proceedings against them wherein there may be the least suspition of any wrong to be done unto the Innocent.
I found the Prisons full of people committed upon suspition of witchcraft and that continuall complaints were made to me that many persons were grievously tormented by witches and that they cryed out upon severall persons by name, as the cause of their torments. The number of these complaints increasing every day, by advice of the Lieut Govr. and the Councill I gave a Commission of Oyer and Terminer to try the suspected witches and at that time the generality of the people represented to me as reall witchcraft and gave very strange instances of the same.
when I returned I found people much disatisfied at the proceedings of the Court, for about Twenty persons were condemned and executed of which number some were thought by many persons to be innocent. The Court still proceeded in the same method of trying them, which was by the evidence of the afflicted persons who when they were brought into the Court as soon as the suspected witches looked upon them instantly fell to the ground in strange agonies and grievous torments, but when touched by them upon the arme or some other part of their flesh they immediately revived and came to themselves, upon [which] they made oath that the Prisoner at the Bar did afflict them and that they saw their shape or spectre come from their bodies which put them to such paines and torments: When I enquired into the matter I was enformed by the Judges that they begun with this, but had humane testimony against such as were condemned and undoubted proof of their being witches, but at length I found that the Devill did take upon him the shape of Innocent persons and some were accused of whose innocency I was well assured and many considerable persons of unblameable life and conversation were cried out upon as witches and wizards.
When I put an end to the Court there ware at least fifty persons in prison in great misery by reason of the extream cold and their poverty, most of them having only spectre evidence against them, and their mittimusses being defective, I caused some of them to be lett out upon bayle and put the Judges upon considering of a way to reliefe others and prevent them from perishing in prison, upon which some of them were convinced and acknowledged that their former proceedings were too violent and not grounded upon a right foundation but that if they might sit againe, they would proceed after another method
Paraphrase:Gov. William Phips descovered Salem as a place where lack of justice and harrasement was present. Many people were accused and wrongly treated. Even the court was dealing with the situation the same as the people accusing. In the end, many people were acussed and executed.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Explore ways to get rid of abuse of humans and encounter many accused people
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this imformation baised? is it quality information?)
This information is important because it shows that there were people who saw the truth and tried to stop the trials. This information is not biased because it is a primary source.
3 Questions for future research
1) Were there any other people who tried to stop the trials?
2) Why are there so many people accused ?
3) Where was most of the accusations happening, is it random or focused on a group of people?
Salem Witch Trials Encyclopedia
Source:"Salem Witch Trials." New World Encyclopedia. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print.
URL:http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Salem_Witch_Trials
Quote:"The Salem Witch Trials were a notorious episode in New England colonial history that led to the execution of 14 women and 6 men, in 1692, for charges of witchcraft. The trials began as a result of the bizarre and inexplicable behavior of two young girls, afflicted by violent convulsions and strange fits that seemingly rendered them unable to hear, speak, or see. After a medical examination and a review by Puritan clergy, the girls were judged to be victims of witchcraft. In the ensuing hysteria during the summer of 1692, nearly 200 people were accused of witchcraft and imprisoned."
"Although the Salem Witch Trials are conventionally cited as an example of religious zealotry in New England, the trials were exceptional in the American colonies, with charges of witchcraft far more commonplace in Europe—particularly Germany, Switzerland and the Low Countries—during this period. From the fourteenth to the eighteenth centuries, some 110,000 people were tried for witchcraft in Europe, and from 40,000 to 60,000 were executed. In contrast, there were only 20 executions in colonial American courts from 1647 to 1691 and the sensational trials at Salem."
"Modern analysis of the Salem Witch Trials regards the children's bizarre allegations and the townspeople's credulity as an example of mass hysteria, when mass public near-panic reactions surface around an unexplained phenomenon. Mass hysteria explains the waves of popular medical problems that "everyone gets" in response to news articles. A recent example of mass hysteria with remarkable similarities to the Salem Witch Trials was the rash of allegations of sexual and ritual abuse in day care centers in the 1980s and 1990s, which resulted in numerous convictions that were later overturned. Like the Salem hysteria, these allegations of sexual abuse were fueled by accusations from impressionable children who were coached by figures of authority, and resulted in destroying the lives and reputations of innocent people."
Paraphrase:The trials began as a result of two girls who acted like they were victims of witchcraft. After the end, almost 200 people were accused and imprisoned. In the past, hundreds of thousand people were exected of witchcraft back in Europe compared to the 20 in Salem. The Salem Witch Trials caused mass hysteria, panic, and ruined many people's lives.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people, mass hysteria, panic, and lives being ruined.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This book is important because it shows how the Salem Witch Trials was very small compared to others. This information is no biased and is quality information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1)What caused trials in the past?
2)What ended trials in the past?
3)How long did trials last in the past?
Salem Witch Trials
Source:"Salem Witch Trials." Salem Witchcraft Trials Mass. Ct. Oyer Terminer 1692-1693. N.p.: n.p., n.d. www.encyclopedia.com. Web. 27 Oct. 2015. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Salem_Witchcraft_Trials_Mass._Ct._Oyer__Terminer_1692-1693.aspx>.
URL:http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Salem_Witchcraft_Trials_Mass._Ct._Oyer__Terminer_1692-1693.aspx
Tags:afflictions,accusations,trials
Quote:In 1692 the community of Salem, Massachusetts, was engulfed in a series of witchcraft afflictions, accusations, trials, and executions. During the course of the year, more than a dozen persons claimed to be afflicted by spells of black magic and sorcery that had been allegedly cast by men and women who had enlisted the supernatural powers of the devil. Most of the persons claiming to be afflicted were teenage girls.
Those persecuted for allegedly practicing witchcraft included Salem residents who deviated in some way from Puritan religious, cultural, or economic norms. Other victims of the witch craze were perceived to be enemies of the largest family in Salem. A few victims were simply weak and sickly people who were in the wrong place at the wrong time.
Nearly 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft in Salem during the summer of 1692. Twenty accused witches were executed, 15 women and 5 men. Nineteen were hanged following conviction, and one was pressed to death for refusing to enter a plea. Four prisoners, three women and a man, died in jail. The trials began in June and continued for four months, the final executions taking place on September 22. In October the governor of Massachusetts, William Phipps, dissolved the tribunal that had been established to preside over the witchcraft prosecutions. The following spring the governor ordered the release of all the accused witches who remained incarcerated upon payment of their fines.
Paraphrase:Salem was full of witch afflictions, accusations, trials, and executions. Most of those people who were accused were Puritan religious, cultural, or economic norms, enemies of the largest family, and weak sickly people. Nearly 200 people were accused, 20 executed, 15 women and 5 men.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information biased? is it quality information?)
This is important because it shows the affliction, accusation, and trials of Salem. This information is not biased and contains quality information.
Three Questions for Future Research:
1) How were afflictions made against people?
2) How were accusations made against people?
3) What made trials necessary for determining witches?
The Witches of Salem
Source: Schiff, Stacy. "The Witches of Salem." The New Yorker 7 Sept. 2015: n. pag. www.newyorker.com. Web. 21 Oct. 2015. <http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/07/the-witches-of-salem>.
URL:http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/09/07/the-witches-of-salem
Tags:many,accusation
Quote:"In 1692, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed fourteen women, five men, and two dogs for witchcraft."
"Husbands implicated wives; nephews their aunts; daughters their mothers; siblings each other."
"One minister discovered that he was related to no fewer than twenty witches."
"Early on the morning of August 19th, the largest throng to date turned out to inspect the first men whom Massachusetts was to execute for witchcraft."
Paraphrase:In 1692, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed both humans and animals for witchcraft. Family members even accused eaych other to be safe from harm's way. Many people were soon related to many witches. And on the mourning of August 19th, the first group of men were executed for witchcraft.
My Ideas:Exploration, encounter, and exchange:
Encountered many accused people and the execution of many people.
Area for Analysis (Why is this important? is this information baised? is it quality information?)
This magazine is important because it shows how many people were accused of being witches. This information is not baised and it shows quality information.
3 Questions for future research information.
1)How were dogs accused of witchcraft?
2) If so many people are witches, how can anyone be safe from accusations?
3) Was there any way to avoid being accused?
Rishi Kual:
Deaths of Salem Girls
Source:
Sampson, Harry L. Witch House, Salem, Mass. N.p.: Keystone View Company, 1947. Print.
Pages:
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In March the afflicted girls accused Martha Corey. The three women previously denounced as colluding with the devil were marginal to the community. Martha Corey was different; she was an upstanding member of the Puritan congregation - her revelation as a witch demonstrated that Satan's influence reached to the very core of the community. Events snowballed as the accusatory atmosphere intensified and reached a fever pitch. During the period from March into the fall many were charged, examined, tried and condemned to death. The hangings started in June with the death of Bridget Bishop and continued through September. As winter approached, the hysteria played itself out as criticism of the procedures grew. In October, the colonial governor dissolved the local Court of inquiry. The convictions and condemnations for witchery stopped. Nineteen victims of the witch-hunt had been hanged, one crushed to death under the weight of stones and at least four died in prison awaiting trial.
Paraphrase:
Shows how people could be affected of the world of the unknown and what peer pressure can do
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 11/04/15 07:36 PM
Source:
Salem Witch Trials Abigail Perrish. N.d. Photograph.
Pages:
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Paraphrase:
This shows how women where treated poorly just because of a believeing, in people think she is a witch.People believed in random things like Satan because they hadn't explored into science or any medical thing.
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 11/12/15 09:00 PM
Witch Trial Hangings
Source:
Latson, Jennifer. "The Last of the Witch-Trial Hangings" ["The Last of the Witch-Trial Hangings"]. Time 22 Sept. 2014: n. pag. Print.
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"After due deliberation the magistrates declared that a devil’s “teat” or “devil’s mark” on the body of the accused was proof of guilt, that mischief following anger between neighbors was ground for suspicion, and, most important of all, that “the devil could not assume the shape of an innocent person.” This last meant that hallucinations would be accepted not as evidence of the wrought-up condition of the accuser but as proof of the guilt of the accused."
Paraphrase:
Showed that if you had a birth mark or something like that on your skin you would be considered a witch becasue they would call the mark,"a devils mark."
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 11/04/15 08:44 PM
how the trials came to be
Source:
William, Epsy. The Witch of Salem. New Orleans: E.A. Brandao, 1908. Print.
Pages:
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Surely the Devil had come to Salem in 1692. Young girls screaming and barking like a dog? Strange dances in the woods? This was behavior hardly becoming of virtuous teenage maidens. The town doctor was called onto the scene. After a thorough examination, he concluded quite simply — the girls were bewitched. Now the task was clear. Whomever was responsible for this outrage must be brought to justice.
Paraphrase:
Showed that the doctors weren't really knowing what they where doing and were just making a conclusion dierectly because they couldn't find the cure
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 10/21/15 05:53 PM
the start of the salem witch trial
Source:
Pages:
URL:
http://www.salemwitchmuseum.com/education/
Tags:
thestartofsalemwitchtrials
Visual Cues:
Direct Quote:
In January of 1692, the daughter and niece of Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village became ill. When they failed to improve, the village doctor, William Griggs, was called in. His diagnosis of bewitchment put into motion the forces that would ultimately result in the death by hanging of nineteen men and women. In addition, one man was crushed to death; seven others died in prison, and the lives of many were irrevocably changed.
To understand the events of the Salem witch trials, it is necessary to examine the times in which accusations of witchcraft occurred. There were the ordinary stresses of 17th-century life in Massachusetts Bay Colony. A strong belief in the devil, factions among Salem Village fanatics and rivalry with nearby Salem Town, a recent small pox epidemic and the threat of attack by warring tribes created a fertile ground for fear and suspicion. Soon prisons were filled with more than 150 men and women from towns surrounding Salem. Their names had been "cried out" by tormented young girls as the cause of their pain. All would await trial for a crime punishable by death in 17th-century New England, the practice of witchcraft.
Paraphrase:
The niece and daughter of Revverend Samuel Parris became ill. When her health didn't improve, the village doctor came and diagnosed the 2 of them with bewitchment
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 10/07/15 02:02 PM
Cause of the Salem Witch trials
Source:
Musick, John Roy. The Witch of Salem. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company, n.d. Print.
Pages:
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Fear of the Devil, and witches who did his bidding, was very real in Salem at the time.
During this time period, people feared that the Devil was constantly trying to find ways to infiltrate and destroy Christians and their communities.
The Massachusetts Bay colonists had accused and convicted people of witchcraft before, starting with Margaret Jonesin 1648, but nobody in the colony had ever confessed to being a witch before or ominously stated that there were other witches out there. Tituba’s simple confession reinforced all of the colonist’s underlying fears.
Paraphrase:
The reason on why the whole Salem Witch trials started
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 10/20/15 07:56 PM
Death
Source:
Sterling, Fredrick. A Fair Witch: Salem 1692. N.p.: n.p., 1911. Print.
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In 1692, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed fourteen women, five men, and two dogs for witchcraft.
Paraphrase:
This showed that people deaths where based off a theory.
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 11/13/15 11:19 PM
How it happened
Source:
"Salem Witch Trial Mass." encyclopedia.com. N.p.: n.p., 2005. N. pag. Print.
Pages:
URL:
http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Salem_Witchcraft_Trials_Mass._Ct._Oyer__Terminer_1692-1693.aspx
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"When the girls regained control of their senses, they complained of being bitten, pinched, kicked, and tormented by apparitions that would visit them in the night. These ghostly visions, the afflicted girls said, pricked their necks and backs and contorted their arms and legs like pretzels. Witnesses reported seeing the girls extend their tongues to extraordinary lengths. After examining the afflicted girls, Dr. William Griggs, the village physician, pronounced them under an evil hand."
Paraphrase:
Show how the girls were imagining being in pain in a specific area in Salem which apparently meant they where under an "evil hand"This shows that people where easily fooled and didn't go deep into science.
My Ideas:
History:
Created: 01/17/16 11:55 PM
Hysteria
Source:
Pages:
URL:
http://www.witchcraftandwitches.com/trials_salem.html
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"The hysteria gained momentum and took on a life of its own when several more were arrested and examined in April and May, and Abigail Hobbs, Mary Warren and Deliverance Hobbs all confessed and began naming additional people as accomplices. At the end of May 1692, warrants were issued for yet more people, and the jails were approaching capacity. After Sarah Osborne (one of the original three accused) had died in jail, the recently appointed governor of Massachusetts, William Phips, ordered the establishment of a Special Court of Oyer and Terminer for Suffolk, Essex, and Middlesex counties, under the leadership of Chief Justice and ardent witch-hunter William Stoughton, to prosecute the cases of those in jail (which by this time numbered over 60)."
Paraphrase:
Abigail hobbs started the hysteria and got everyone in trouble
My Ideas:
History:
Created: 01/18/16 12:38 AM
Life in Salem
Source:
"Salem Witch Trials." Salem Witch Trials. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2015. <http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/salemwitchtrials/life/>.
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http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/salemwitchtrials/life/
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The events of 1692 took place during a difficult and confusing period for Salem Village. As part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Salem was under British rule. When the hysteria began, the colony was waiting for a new governor and had no charter to enforce laws. By the time the new governor, William Phips, arrived in Massachusetts, the jails were already filled with alleged witches. To make matters worse, New England towns were under attack by Native Americans and French Canadians.
Salem Village faced daily challenges closer to home as well. Most families had to support themselves, making their own clothes, planting vegetables, raising meat. Farming was often a painstaking task in the harsh climate and rough, rocky terrain—and a drought or flood could ruin a year’s harvest. An epidemic of smallpox could kill a family. In a world where people saw the Devil lurking behind every misfortune, it is little wonder they believed evil spirits were
Paraphrase:
Salem village faced dailly challenges so they blamed it on witch craft because they didn't know any better. Most families had just enough to suppot themselves because of the bad climate,rocky soil and a flood or a drought could ruin a whole years worth of harvest. So they had knowone to blame except for whitch craft.
My Ideas:
History:
Created by: on 10/07/15 06:11 PM
Deaths of Salem Girls
Source:
Sampson, Harry L. Witch House, Salem, Mass. N.p.: Keystone View Company, 1947. Print.
Pages:
URL:
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In March the afflicted girls accused Martha Corey. The three women previously denounced as colluding with the devil were marginal to the community. Martha Corey was different; she was an upstanding member of the Puritan congregation - her revelation as a witch demonstrated that Satan's influence reached to the very core of the community. Events snowballed as the accusatory atmosphere intensified and reached a fever pitch. During the period from March into the fall many were charged, examined, tried and condemned to death. The hangings started in June with the death of Bridget Bishop and continued through September. As winter approached, the hysteria played itself out as criticism of the procedures grew. In October, the colonial governor dissolved the local Court of inquiry. The convictions and condemnations for witchery stopped. Nineteen victims of the witch-hunt had been hanged, one crushed to death under the weight of stones and at least four died in prison awaiting trial.
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Shows how people could be affected of the world of the unknown and what peer pressure can do
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Created by: on 11/04/15 07:36 PM
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Salem Witch Trials Abigail Perrish. N.d. Photograph.
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This shows how women where treated poorly just because of a believeing, in people think she is a witch.People believed in random things like Satan because they hadn't explored into science or any medical thing.
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Created by: on 11/12/15 09:00 PM
Witch Trial Hangings
Source:
Latson, Jennifer. "The Last of the Witch-Trial Hangings" ["The Last of the Witch-Trial Hangings"]. Time 22 Sept. 2014: n. pag. Print.
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"After due deliberation the magistrates declared that a devil’s “teat” or “devil’s mark” on the body of the accused was proof of guilt, that mischief following anger between neighbors was ground for suspicion, and, most important of all, that “the devil could not assume the shape of an innocent person.” This last meant that hallucinations would be accepted not as evidence of the wrought-up condition of the accuser but as proof of the guilt of the accused."
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Showed that if you had a birth mark or something like that on your skin you would be considered a witch becasue they would call the mark,"a devils mark."
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Created by: on 11/04/15 08:44 PM
how the trials came to be
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William, Epsy. The Witch of Salem. New Orleans: E.A. Brandao, 1908. Print.
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Surely the Devil had come to Salem in 1692. Young girls screaming and barking like a dog? Strange dances in the woods? This was behavior hardly becoming of virtuous teenage maidens. The town doctor was called onto the scene. After a thorough examination, he concluded quite simply — the girls were bewitched. Now the task was clear. Whomever was responsible for this outrage must be brought to justice.
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Showed that the doctors weren't really knowing what they where doing and were just making a conclusion dierectly because they couldn't find the cure
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Created by: on 10/21/15 05:53 PM
the start of the salem witch trial
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http://www.salemwitchmuseum.com/education/
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thestartofsalemwitchtrials
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In January of 1692, the daughter and niece of Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village became ill. When they failed to improve, the village doctor, William Griggs, was called in. His diagnosis of bewitchment put into motion the forces that would ultimately result in the death by hanging of nineteen men and women. In addition, one man was crushed to death; seven others died in prison, and the lives of many were irrevocably changed.
To understand the events of the Salem witch trials, it is necessary to examine the times in which accusations of witchcraft occurred. There were the ordinary stresses of 17th-century life in Massachusetts Bay Colony. A strong belief in the devil, factions among Salem Village fanatics and rivalry with nearby Salem Town, a recent small pox epidemic and the threat of attack by warring tribes created a fertile ground for fear and suspicion. Soon prisons were filled with more than 150 men and women from towns surrounding Salem. Their names had been "cried out" by tormented young girls as the cause of their pain. All would await trial for a crime punishable by death in 17th-century New England, the practice of witchcraft.
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The niece and daughter of Revverend Samuel Parris became ill. When her health didn't improve, the village doctor came and diagnosed the 2 of them with bewitchment
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Created by: on 10/07/15 02:02 PM
Cause of the Salem Witch trials
Source:
Musick, John Roy. The Witch of Salem. New York: Funk & Wagnalls Company, n.d. Print.
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Fear of the Devil, and witches who did his bidding, was very real in Salem at the time.
During this time period, people feared that the Devil was constantly trying to find ways to infiltrate and destroy Christians and their communities.
The Massachusetts Bay colonists had accused and convicted people of witchcraft before, starting with Margaret Jonesin 1648, but nobody in the colony had ever confessed to being a witch before or ominously stated that there were other witches out there. Tituba’s simple confession reinforced all of the colonist’s underlying fears.
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The reason on why the whole Salem Witch trials started
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Created by: on 10/20/15 07:56 PM
Death
Source:
Sterling, Fredrick. A Fair Witch: Salem 1692. N.p.: n.p., 1911. Print.
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In 1692, the Massachusetts Bay Colony executed fourteen women, five men, and two dogs for witchcraft.
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This showed that people deaths where based off a theory.
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Created by: on 11/13/15 11:19 PM
How it happened
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"Salem Witch Trial Mass." encyclopedia.com. N.p.: n.p., 2005. N. pag. Print.
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Salem_Witchcraft_Trials_Mass._Ct._Oyer__Terminer_1692-1693.aspx
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"When the girls regained control of their senses, they complained of being bitten, pinched, kicked, and tormented by apparitions that would visit them in the night. These ghostly visions, the afflicted girls said, pricked their necks and backs and contorted their arms and legs like pretzels. Witnesses reported seeing the girls extend their tongues to extraordinary lengths. After examining the afflicted girls, Dr. William Griggs, the village physician, pronounced them under an evil hand."
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Show how the girls were imagining being in pain in a specific area in Salem which apparently meant they where under an "evil hand"This shows that people where easily fooled and didn't go deep into science.
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Created: 01/17/16 11:55 PM
Hysteria
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http://www.witchcraftandwitches.com/trials_salem.html
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"The hysteria gained momentum and took on a life of its own when several more were arrested and examined in April and May, and Abigail Hobbs, Mary Warren and Deliverance Hobbs all confessed and began naming additional people as accomplices. At the end of May 1692, warrants were issued for yet more people, and the jails were approaching capacity. After Sarah Osborne (one of the original three accused) had died in jail, the recently appointed governor of Massachusetts, William Phips, ordered the establishment of a Special Court of Oyer and Terminer for Suffolk, Essex, and Middlesex counties, under the leadership of Chief Justice and ardent witch-hunter William Stoughton, to prosecute the cases of those in jail (which by this time numbered over 60)."
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Abigail hobbs started the hysteria and got everyone in trouble
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Created: 01/18/16 12:38 AM
Life in Salem
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"Salem Witch Trials." Salem Witch Trials. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2015. <http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/salemwitchtrials/life/>.
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http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/salemwitchtrials/life/
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The events of 1692 took place during a difficult and confusing period for Salem Village. As part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Salem was under British rule. When the hysteria began, the colony was waiting for a new governor and had no charter to enforce laws. By the time the new governor, William Phips, arrived in Massachusetts, the jails were already filled with alleged witches. To make matters worse, New England towns were under attack by Native Americans and French Canadians.
Salem Village faced daily challenges closer to home as well. Most families had to support themselves, making their own clothes, planting vegetables, raising meat. Farming was often a painstaking task in the harsh climate and rough, rocky terrain—and a drought or flood could ruin a year’s harvest. An epidemic of smallpox could kill a family. In a world where people saw the Devil lurking behind every misfortune, it is little wonder they believed evil spirits were
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Salem village faced dailly challenges so they blamed it on witch craft because they didn't know any better. Most families had just enough to suppot themselves because of the bad climate,rocky soil and a flood or a drought could ruin a whole years worth of harvest. So they had knowone to blame except for whitch craft.
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Created by: on 10/07/15 06:11 PM